Final filling

is the filling of a final formulation into primary drug containments such as flasks or syringes ^{23, 24}. The final filling has specific requirements in order to guarantee sterility, integrity, the operational security and efficiency, as well as the correctness of the filling volumes ^25.  The trend in final filling systems also moves towards single-use systems ²⁵.

A single-use final filling system for medication usually consists of bags for storage and intermediate buffers, sterile filters with corresponding bags for the integrity testing, as well as a manifold system (see manifolds) with filling needles ²⁶.